Bruce P. Hayes                                                                                                                                                                                                 Professor of Linguistics   Dept. of Linguistics   UCLA   Los Angeles CA 90095-1543     Office hours for Spring 2013:  Wed. and Fri. 2-3, and by appt.   My office is in  2101G Campbell Hall   "Saltation in phonology," handout for a talk (Whatmough Lecture) at Harvard, 4/1/13.

• Teaching
• Research/Downloadable Papers
• Software
• Links

Teaching

• Linguistics 20, "Introduction to Linguistics".
• Linguistics 103, "Introduction to General Phonetics"
• Linguistics 120A, "Phonology I" (undergraduate).
• Linguistics 191 "Metrics" (undergraduate)
• Linguistics 201, "Phonological Theory II" (graduate).
• Linguistics 205, "Morphology" (graduate, last taught Spring 2011)
• Linguistics 251, "Phonotactics", (2006, with Colin Wilson)
• Linguistics 251, "Metrics" (2008)
• Linguistics 251, "Vowel Harmony" (2010)
• Linguistics 251, "The Phonology of English" (2011)
• Linguistics 251, "Variation in Phonology" (2013, with Kie Zuraw)

My textbook Introductory Phonology:  help page for teachers and students

Research/Downloadable Papers

Summary of current work  

In our current research, my collaborators and I approach a single phenomenon with three methods in parallel: (i) data analysis in the classical tradition of generative grammar, using rules and constraints; (ii) experimentation, to assess productivity and generality of phonological knowledge, (iii) modeling: machine-implemented algorithms, incorporating elements of phonological theory, learn the grammar through examination of a data corpus. The idea is to study not just the data pattern of the language, but to determine more precisely what the native speaker knows and demonstrate through modeling how she might come to know it. These goals have always been central to generative linguistics; advances in both theory and technology now help us address them more directly.

I. Access papers chronologically (complete) II.  Download my Curriculum Vitae (PDF format)

III. Access papers by topic Acquisition/learnability The role of phonetics in phonology Paradigms and underlying representations Gradience (intermediate well-formedness, corpus frequency, etc.) Metrics Prosodic structure (stress, syllables, moras, phrasing) Intonation

Acquisition/learnability

•  (2013) Bruce Hayes and James White, Phonological naturalness and phonotactic learning.  Linguistic Inquiry 44:45-75.  Supplementary materials.
• (2011) Interpreting sonority-projection experiments: the role of phonotactic modeling. In Proceedings of the 2011 International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, Hong Kong.
• (2011) Adam Albright and Bruce Hayes. Learning and learnability in phonology. In John Goldsmith, Jason Riggle, and Alan Yu, eds. Handbook of Phonological Theory. Blackwell/Wiley.
• (2011) Robert Daland, Bruce Hayes, James White, Marc Garellek, Andreas Davis, and Ingrid Normann. Explaining sonority projection effects. Phonology 28:197–234. Supplementary materials.
• (2009, with Kie Zuraw, Péter Siptár, and Zsuzsa Londe.  Natural and unnatural constraints in Hungarian vowel harmony.  Language 85: 822-863.
• (2008, with Colin Wilson) A maximum entropy model of phonotactics and phonotactic learning.  Linguistic Inquiry 39:379-440.
• (2006, with Zsuzsa Londe) "Stochastic phonological knowledge:  the case of Hungarian vowel harmony".  Phonology 23:59-104.
• Work on learnability of morphology/phonology in collaboration with Adam Albright and others:  overview.  
  • (2006, with Adam Albright) "Modeling productivity with the Gradual Learning Algorithm: the problem of accidentally exceptionless generalizations".  Preprint version.  Published in Gradience in Grammar: Generative Perspectives, edited by Gisbert Fanselow, Caroline Fery, Matthias Schlesewsky and Ralf Vogel. Oxford:  Oxford University Press. Abstract.
  • (2003, with Adam Albright) "Rules vs. analogy in English past tenses:  a computational/experimental Study,"  Preprint version.  Published in Cognition 90: 119-161.
  • (2002, with Adam Albright) Modeling English past tense intuitions with minimal generalization." Preprint version. Appeared in Mike Maxwell, ed., Proceedings of the 2002 Workshop on Morphological Learning, Association of Computational Linguistics. Philadelphia: Association for Computational Linguistics.
  • "Segmental environments of Spanish diphthongization," with Adam Albright and Argelia Andrade.  
• "Empirical tests of the Gradual Learning Algorithm", with Paul Boersma. (2001) Linguistic Inquiry 32:45-86.
• "Phonological acquisition in Optimality Theory:  the early stages".  Appeared 2004 in Kager, Rene, Pater, Joe, and Zonneveld, Wim, (eds.), Fixing Priorities: Constraints in Phonological Acquisition. Cambridge University Press.

The role of phonetics in phonology

(2009, with Kie Zuraw, Péter Siptár, and Zsuzsa Londe.  Natural and unnatural constraints in Hungarian vowel harmony.  Language 85: 822-863. Phonetically-Based Phonology, edited with  Robert Kirchner and Donca Steriade, Cambridge University Press, 2004.  [Google preview] "Phonetically-Driven Phonology: The Role of Optimality Theory and Inductive Grounding" (1999) in Michael Darnell, Edith Moravscik, Michael Noonan, Frederick Newmeyer, and Kathleen Wheatly, eds., Functionalism and Formalism in Linguistics, Volume I: General Papers, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, pp. 243-285.  "The Phonetics of Post-Nasal Voicing" (ms. 1995; with Tanya Stivers) The Phonetics-Phonology Interface: Comments on Clements & Osu, Solé, Frota, and Chitoran et al..  About consonant clusters in Georgian.  Preprint version; final version appeared 2002 in Carlos Gussenhoven and Natasha Warner, eds., Laboratory Phonology 7, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin and New York, pp. 449-454.

Paradigms and underlying representations

• Phonological Restructuring in Yidin^y and its Theoretical Consequences, Preprint version.  Published 1999 in Ben Hermans and Marc Oostendorp, eds., The Derivational Residue in Phonological Optimality Theory, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, pp. 175-205.
• Talk handout:  “On the Richness of Paradigms, and the Insufficiency of Underlying Representations in Accounting for them”
• "On What To Teach the Undergraduates:  Some Changing Orthodoxies in Phonological Theory." Preprint version.  Published 1995 in Ik-Hwan Lee, ed., Linguistics in the Morning Calm 3, Hanshin, Seoul, pp. 59-77.

Gradience

• (with Zsuzsa Londe) (2006) "Stochastic phonological knowledge:  the case of Hungarian vowel harmony".  Preprint version.  Published in Phonology 23: 59-104.
• "Gradient well-formedness in Optimality Theory".  Preprint version.  Published 2000 in Joost Dekkers, Frank van der Leeuw and Jeroen van de Weijer, eds., Optimality Theory: Phonology, Syntax, and Acquisition, Oxford University Press, pp. 88-120.
• "Quatrain form in English Folk Verse" (with Margaret MacEachern).  Preprint version.  Published 1998 in Language 64, 473-507.  

Metrics

• Overview of metrics papers
• (2012, with Colin Wilson and Anne Shisko,)Maxent grammars for the metrics of Shakespeare and Milton. Language, 88: 691-731.
• (2011, with Claire Moore-Cantwell) Gerard Manley Hopkins's sprung rhythm: corpus study and stochastic grammar.  Phonology 28:235–282..
• Review of Fabb and Halle (2010) Meter in Poetry.  Lingua 120:2515-2521
• "Textsetting as constraint conflict" (2009), in Aroui, Jean-Louis and Andy Arleo, eds. Towards a Typology of Poetic Forms. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 43-61.
• "Faithfulness and componentiality in metrics" (2009), in Sharon Inkelas and Kristin Hanson, eds., The Nature of the WordI, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 113-148 (festschrift volume for Paul Kiparsky).
• "Are there lines in English folk poetry" (with Margaret MacEachern), UCLA Working Papers in Phonology 1, 125-142 (1996).
• "Quatrain  form in English folk verse" (with Margaret MacEachern), Language 64, 473-507 (1998)
• "The role of phonological phrasing in sung and chanted verse" (with Abigail Kaun), The Linguistic Review 13, 243-303 (1996).
• "The Prosodic Hierarchy in meter" (1989) [scanned; 3 Mb] in Paul Kiparsky and Gilbert Youmans, eds., Rhythm and Meter, Academic Press, Orlando, FL, pp. 201-260 (1989).  Searchable version, 20 Mb.
• "Metrics and phonological theory" (1988) in Frederick Newmeyer, ed., Linguistics: The Cambridge Survey.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 220-249.
• "A grid-based theory of English meter," (1983) Linguistic Inquiry 14, 357-393.   searchable (20 meg)
• The rhythmic structure of Persian verse [scanned, 2 Mb], Edebiyat 4, 193-242 (1979).

Prosodic structure

Metrical Stress Theory:  Principles and Case Studies (1995), University of Chicago Press.  [Google preview] "Diphthongization and coindexing," (1990) Phonology 7: 31-71. "Precompiled phrasal phonology," (1990) [scanned, 772k]  in Sharon Inkelas and Draga Zec, eds., The Syntax-Phonology Connection, Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford, CA, and University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 85-108. "Reduplication and syllabification in Ilokano" (1989) [scanned; 2.6 Mb] (with May Abad) Lingua 77, 331-374.   "The Prosodic Hierarchy in meter" (1989) [scanned; 1.8 Mb] in Paul Kiparsky and Gilbert Youmans, eds., Rhythm and Meter, Academic Press, Orlando, FL, pp. 201-260 (1989).   "Compensatory lengthening in moraic phonology" (1989) [scanned, 2 Mb], Linguistic Inquiry 20: 253-306 (1989).  This version, 5 Mb, has searchable text.  "The phonology of rhythm in English" (1984) [scanned, 8 Mb].  Linguistic Inquiry 15, 33-74.

Intonation

• "Bengali intonational phonology" (1991) [scanned, 1.3 Mb] (with Aditi Lahiri) Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 9: 47-96.
• "Durationally specified intonation in English and Bengali" (1991) [scanned, 2 Mb] (with Aditi Lahiri) in Johan Sundberg, Lennart Nord, and Rolf Carlson, eds., Music, Language, Speech, and Brain, Macmillan, London, pp. 78-91.

top

Software

• BLICK:  a phonotactic probability calculator
• Maxent Grammar tool:  weight constraints using maxent
• Phonotactic learning software, prepared for Hayes and Wilson (2008)
• Optimality Theory software (OTSoft):  Rank constraints in Optimality Theory using a variety of algorithms
• Minimal generalization learner (learns alternations; used in various papers by Albright and Hayes)
• Pheatures Spreadsheet:  Learn features, check your use of features to describe natural classes and feature changes. Successor program to FeaturePad.
• PhonologyPad:  Use a computer to implement and check solutions to classical paradigm-based phonology problems.
• English Phonology Search:  search for words of English that match particular phonological descriptions, like ending in a voiced obstruent.
• Various little utility programs useful for doing phonology (string reversal, searching for compounds, token to type conversion, etc.)

top

Links

• Information on phonetic fonts
• Current and former graduate students
• Undergraduate advising
• Papers about teaching
• Personal

top